Morocco faces many problems in waste treatment, especially urban solid waste. The total quantity produced in Morocco is estimated at more than 6 M t / year. The continuous increase in the production of household waste makes their management more and more delicate. Their treatment is a major concern for local authorities and appears to be a real challenge in terms of the nuisances and pollution they can generate. Moreover, the low "recovery of household waste" not only does not make it possible to achieve important objectives in terms of reducing the negative impact on the environment and health, but it also constitutes a shortfall in terms of energy and economic opportunities. The technical landfill system (or controlled landfill) has so far been the technique of choice in Morocco for the treatment of urban waste. However, the process of anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of the waste by this system is slow, inaccurate and difficult to control. Landfill leachate, too, poses a major environmental problem in this treatment process. On the other hand, the industrial methanization of organic household waste is a promising way for the treatment and recovery of these resources. It is also a source of renewable energy production. However, constraints are hampering the development of this technique in Morocco. This work aims to present a diagnosis of the current situation and the importance of energy production by methanization of urban waste through a case study in Morocco. The study and the evaluation of the scenarios of treatment and energy production of the organic waste of the agglomeration of Agadir, based on their physico-chemical characteristics, makes it possible to put the point on the potential of energy recovery of these resources, opportunities and constraints.
Dr. Fatima EL BAZ has received a PhD in Organometallic Molecular Chemistry from Paul Sabatier University (Toulouse, France) and a PhD in Organic Chemistry from Ibn Zohr University (Agadir, Morocco). At 2019, she has a University accreditation from Ibn Zohr University in field of Chemistry and Environmental Genius. Since 2017, she has been Professor at the Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ibn Zohr University. Before joining the university, she developed a great multidisciplinary experience in the field of urban management and the Environment as Advisor to the Mayor of Agadir, in charge of the Environment and Urban Risks (2004-2014). She has several publications in scientific journals and communications in many scientific congresses. She has also a great experience in the social field as part of Soroptimist International.
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