Title: Assessment of groundwater mass balance and zone budget in the semi-arid region: A case study of Palar sub-basin, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Assessment of groundwater potential zones is crucial for estimating and managing available groundwater resources. In the proposed study, quantification of groundwater availability is performed using the information collected from the hydrogeological and geophysical (electrical resistivity) investigation of the aquifer. We delineate groundwater potential zones by a weighted overlay analysis based on conventional method with 110 electrical resistivity surveys and 40 lithological data. MODFLOW is used to calibrate and validate the flow pattern and groundwater characteristics. The study area comprises of a complex geological formation. The groundwater potential map is prepared using the observed groundwater level instead of rainfall data as the study area lacks rainfall stations. The final potential map is validated with the specific capacity obtained from pumping test. This map is divided into 13 zones and each zone is considered as boundaries for the MODFLOW simulation. The thickness of each zone is assessed using electrical resistivity method. The calibration and validation of the groundwater model are performed for one year and 1.5 year respectively between November 2012 to March 2015. The groundwater volume during the calibration and validation period is found to be 7.12 Mm3 and 7.51 Mm3 respectively. The groundwater mass balance assessment performed in this study will be extremely useful in the planning and management of groundwater resources.

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